The most distant known galaxy JADES-GS-z14-0 has high metallicity and 10 times higher oxygen content than expected

The popular article with title "Oxygen Has Been Discovered In The Most Distant Known Galaxy JADES-GS-z14-0" (see this) tells that the most distant known Galaxy JADES-GS-z14-0 existed about 300 million years after Big Bang. It was discovered by James Webb and ALMA telescope has continued the observations. What is totally surprising is that the stars of JADES-GS-z14-0 have high metallicity. In particular, the oxygen content is 10 times higher than expected. In the standard view of stellar evolution, this requires that the stars have suffered several supernova explosions. This is not possible.

There is an article by Schouws et al in arXiv with title "Detection of [OIII]88μm in JADES-GS-z14-0 at z=14.1793" (see this). Here is the abstract of the article.

We report the first successful ALMA follow-up observations of a secure z>10 JWST-selected galaxy, by robustly detecting (6.6σ) the [OIII]88μm line in JADES-GS-z14-0 (hereafter GS-z14). The ALMA detection yields a spectroscopic redshift of z=14.1793+/- 0.0007, and increases the precision on the prior redshift measurement of z=14.32^+0.08_-0.20 from NIRSpec by ≥ 180×. Moreover, the redshift is consistent with that previously determined from a tentative detection (3.6σ) of CIII]1907,1909 (z=14.178+/- 0.013), solidifying the redshift determination via multiple line detections. We measure a line luminosity of L[OIII]88=(2.1+/- 0.5)× 10⁸L_Sun, placing GS-z14 at the lower end, but within the scatter of, the local L[OIII]88-star formation rate relation.

No dust continuum from GS-z14 is detected, suggesting an upper limit on the dust-to-stellar mass ratio of < 2× 10^-3, consistent with dust production from supernovae with a yield y_d<0.3M_Sun. Combining a previous JWST/MIRI photometric measurement of the [OIII]λλ 4959,5007 Angstrom and Hβ lines with Cloudy models, we find GS-z14 to be surprisingly metal-enriched (Z∈ [0.05,0.2]Z_Sun), a mere 300 Myr after the Big Bang. The detection of a bright oxygen line in GS-z14 thus reinforces the notion that galaxies in the early Universe undergo rapid evolution.

This finding conforms with the general TGD based view of the formation of galaxies and stars (see this and this). Galaxies would not be formed by gravitational condensation but by the thickening of tangles of a cosmic string leading to the liberation of energy giving rise to ordinary matter, somewhat like inflation theory. Also the intersections of two cosmic strings and self intersections could be involved and generate galactic nuclei. The model explains the flat galactic rotation curves in terms of dark energy assignable to cosmic strings.

Also stars would be formed by a similar mechanism (see this). That no dust continuum created by supernova explosions was observed, is consistent with the assumption that no supernova explosions have occurred as standard model requires in order to explaing the high metallicity.

This explosive process can be considerably faster than the formation by gravitational condensation and dominate in the very early cosmology. TGD leads also to a model of stars based on new physics predicted by TGD and differing dramatically from the standard view (see this) and could change profoundly the views about stellar evolution.

See the article ANITA anomaly, JWST observation challenging the interpretation of CMB, star formation in the remnant of a star, and strange super nova explosion or the chapter About the recent TGD based view concerning cosmology and astrophysics.

For a summary of earlier postings see Latest progress in TGD.

For the lists of articles (most of them published in journals founded by Huping Hu) and books about TGD see this.